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For any mobile device, the ability to navigate in its environment is important. Avoiding dangerous situations such as collisions and unsafe conditions (temperature, radiation, exposure to weather, etc.) comes first, but if the robot has a purpose that relates to specific places in the robot environment, it must find those places. This article will present an overview of the skill of navigation and try to identify the basic blocks of a robot navigation system, types of navigation systems, and closer look at its related building components. Robot navigation means the robot's ability to determine its own position in its frame of reference and then to plan a path towards some goal location. In order to navigate in its environment, the robot or any other mobility device requires representation, i.e. a map of the environment and the ability to ''interpret'' that representation. Navigation can be defined as the combination of the three fundamental competences: # Self-localisation # Path planning # Map-building and map interpretation Map in this context denotes any one-to-one mapping of the world onto an internal representation. Robot localization denotes the robot's ability to establish its own position and orientation within the frame of reference. Path planning is effectively an extension of localisation, in that it requires the determination of the robot's current position and a position of a goal location, both within the same frame of reference or coordinates. Map building can be in the shape of a metric map or any notation describing locations in the robot frame of reference. ==Vision-Based Navigation== Vision-Based Navigation uses optical sensors include laser-based range finder and photometric cameras using CCD arrays to extract the visual features required to the localization in the surrounding environment. However, there are a range of techniques for navigation and localization using vision information, the main components of each technique are: * representations of the environment. * sensing models. * localization algorithms. In order to give an overview of vision-based navigation and its techniques, we classify these techniques under indoor navigation and outdoor navigation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mobile robot navigation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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